86,11% dintre alegători au votat la alegerile prezidențiale din 20 mai 1990 – primele alegeri de după Revoluția din decembrie 1989. Politica era tema de discuție principală a societății. Treizeci de ani mai târziu, încrederea în partide a scăzut dramatic.
România a înregistrat cea mai mică prezență la vot din istorie: 31,84%, la alegerile parlamentare din 2020.
Interesul oamenilor – în special al tinerilor – pentru politică, politicieni și partide politice este în evidentă scădere. Problema care se pune în 2024 este dacă nu cumva democrația este în pericol și dacă nu cumva erodarea clasei politice a dus la avântul de acum al unor curente populiste și extremiste.
O primă scădere vizibilă a prezenței la vot s-a văzut în 2000 (65%), iar în jur de 2010 au apărut protestele masive, multe dintre manifestații nu împotriva unui singur partid, ci a întregii clase politice:
- protestele pro Raed Arafat și SMURD din ianuarie 2012;
- manifestațiile împotriva exploatării aurului de la Roșia Montană;
- protestele din 2015, după incendiul din clubul Colectiv, în urma căruia au murit peste 60 de oameni;
- ultimele manifestații de amploare au fost în 2017, împotriva Ordonanței 13, care îi grația pe corupți și modifica cele două codurilor penale, dorită de guvernul condus de președintele PSD de atunci, Liviu Dragnea.
În toți acești ani, au apărut sloganul celebru „Toate partidele, aceeași mizerie”, plus altele asemănătoare: „Mă p.. pe el de vot”, „Toate partidele sunt compromise” sau „Noi am vrut 300, ei au devenit 600”.
În paralel cu scăderea interesului pentru vot, instituțiile politice – Partidul, Parlamentul, Președinția, Guvernul și Primăria – au ajuns la coada clasamentului încrederii, mai ales când vine vorba de tineri.
A crescut în schimb mirajul pentru guvernele conduse de prim-miniștri tehnocrați și simpatia pentru cei care candidează ca independenți.
Dar este oare aceasta calea corectă în democrație? Sunt partidele dispensabile? Pot tehnocrații și independenții să înlocuiască partidele politice? Și dacă nu, ce e de făcut?
Europa Liberă încearcă să răspundă la toate aceste întrebări, în prag de alegeri locale, europarlamentare, parlamentare și prezidențiale.
Pentru început, iată evoluția, în imagini și cifre, a degradării încrederii în partidele politice din România și în instituțiile politice – Primăria, Partidele Politice, Președinția, Guvernul și Parlamentul.
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